Odonatrix, Tom 7 (1)
W NUMERZE
1. Artykuły naukowe
Strony:1-13
- Bernard R., Tończyk G. 2011. Wyspowe występowanie żagnicy torfowcowej Aeshna subarctica WALKER, 1908 na Nizinach Środkowopolskich i Sasko-Łużyckich
Aeshna subarctica is rare in the old-glacial lowlands of Poland, i.e. in the Central Polish Lowlands and the Saxonian-Lusatian Lowlands, which occupy the central latitudes of the country and its southwestern areas. Only thirteen localities of the species have been found in this area; they have been presented so far only in the form of occupied UTM-squares (BERNARD et al. 2009). These localities are described in detail (geographic position, habitat, data concerning A. subarctica, accompanying species). The rarity of A. subarctica reflects the small number of habitats which are appropriate for it. This unfavourable conservation status is partly naturally conditioned as the old-glacial plains are situated to the south of the last glaciation (Würm) range. Hence, they are much poorer in natural water bodies than the northern postglacial lake districts. However, human impact has also contributed to the rarity of A. subarctica habitats. These areas have been long inhabited and intensively exploited by man and thus are among the most transformed regions in Poland. Over the last two hundred years the area of Sphagnum bogs has decreased drastically (HERBICH and HERBICHOWA 2002). As a consequence, the distribution of A. subarctica in the study area has been severely fragmented - restricted to largely isolated single localities or small groups of them, such as 6 localities in an area of 25 km2 near Pabianice (No. 3-8) or 2 (No. 9 and 10) near Białobłoty. These groups are especially valuable as they give A. subarctica an opportunity to exchange individuals between local populations (the metapopulation structure) and to restore reduced/extinct local populations on the basis of neighbouring populations.
All the presented localities are situated in woodland and are surrounded with mostly pine forest or occasionally with heath. On sandy grounds and a thin peat layer, a mosaic of shallow Sphagnum bogs, tran-sition mires and acidic sedge fens most frequently occur. The abundant vegetation is predominated by Carici-Agrostietum caninae, Sphagno recurvii-Eriophoretum angustifolii, and also locally by Ranunculo-Juncetum bulbosi. Large amounts of Sphagnum occur in the form of both floating 'soup' and thin mats cov-ering the bottom/ground. The water bodies are shallow - only rarely deeper than 0.5 m - and frequently astatic, larger in the spring and partly drying out in the summer. As a consequence, the A. subarctica habitats are much more liable to desiccation than those situated in more stable, deeper water bodies in the postglacial landscape in the North. At some localities (No. 3, 8 and 12), an advanced eutrophication process was recorded, indicated by the replacement of the boggy vegetation with Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia. At locality No. 8, the population of A. subarctica was already almost extinct.
In contrast to the mostly primary (natural) habitats of A. subarctica in northern Poland, the habitats in the study area survived or were formed, at least in several cases, due to human activities. So they are actually partly secondary - anthropogenic, but completely or to a large extent renaturalized. At locality No. 13 they have developed in an excavated fire-fighting pool and at No. 7 in shallow peat excavations. Though forms left by extensive peat digging are already unrecognizable, we believe that this human activity also resulted in the formation of favourable habitats at several other studied localities. The occurrence in partly anthropogenic habitats is a chance for A. subarctica to survive in lowlands poor in natural water bodies. What is more, conservation policy should use this opportunity for habitat-based actions. Existing habitats could be restored or regenerated in the future - and new ones formed - due to shallow peat digging in small areas of selected localities according to the rotation model (WILDERMUTH 2001). Plant succession in such shallow peat excavations leads to various forms of moorlands, especially to Sphagno recurvii-Eriophoretum angustifolii, often inhabited by A. subarctica. The conservation of A. subarctica habitats would also be fa-vourable for other tyrphobiontic and tyrphophilous species, which are fairly rare or rare in these regions, as e.g. for 4 Leucorrhinia-species occurring at the studied localities.
At five localities (No. 1, 9-12) colour morphs were analysed. Five individuals represented pale f. interlineata and five were intermediate - due to slightly smaller spots on the thorax - between interlineata and the dark f. elisabethae. Considering the occurrence of intermediate forms, it is better to use the term 'paler individuals' - or describe the tendency to be significantly paler (DIJKSTRA 2006) - than to sharply distinguish between the pale f. interlineata and the dark f. elisabethae.
Considering :- the significantly paler individuals in central European bogs than in boreal and alpine regions (DijksItra 2006)
- and the absence of the dark f. elisabethae from the presented shallow and warm localities in the southern, marginal zone of the species range.
Contrary to BÖNSEL's (2001) suggestion, paler individuals of A. subarctica coexist with Aeshna jun-cea as recorded at all five of these localities
2. Doniesienia naukowe
Strony:14-18
- Daraż B. 2011. Nowe stanowiska iglicy małej Nehalennia speciosa (CHARPENTIER, 1840) w południowo-wschodniej Polsce (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)
Two new localities of Nehalennia speciosa were found in 2010 in southeastern Poland, in the south of the Sandomierz Basin (Kotlina Sandomierska), in two nature reserves „Bagno Przecławskie” (50°11′15″N, 21°25′15″E, UTM EA35) and „Torfy” (50°02′38″ N, 21°17′45″ E, EA24). They form - together with the localities near Błędów and in the nature reserve „Broduszurki” (BERNARD, DARAŻ 2008; BERNARD et al. 2009; MISZTA, CUBER 2009) - the current southern range limit of the species distribution in Poland and Eastern Europe. Far outside this range, only a highly isolated and relict locality in the Southern Carpathians in the south of Romania is known (MANCI 2009, 2010). Other localities of N. speciosa situated to the south of the current species range - in the southern Ukraine, Slovakia and northern Romania - are only historical as they have not been confirmed during the last half-century (BERNARD, WILDERMUTH 2005; Ŝ&Acute;CHA 2010).
At the new localities, N. speciosa inhabits old peat excavations, with the water bodies abounding with Sphagnum sp. and Carex rostrata, and bounded by Molinia coerulea. It is typical of N. speciosa in the marginal zone of its distribution range to inhabit the partly secondary (i.e. anthropogenic) habitats and to use the vegetation composed of these species (cf. BERNARD, WILDERMUTH 2005; BERNARD, DARAŻ 2008).
Strony:19-23
- Holly M. 2011. Gatunki ważek (Odonata) nowe i rzadkie dla Bieszczadzkiego Parku Narodowego stwierdzone w 2009 i 2010 roku
The author studied small water bodies created for amphibians in the Bieszczady National Park in the years 2009 and 2010. Lestes dryas and Cordulia aenea have been recorded for the first time in the park. Records of some other species are given too, of which Aeshna juncea is of special interest. Two sites of Cordulegaster bidentata were also found in the Bieszczady National Park.
Strony:24-27
- Konopko D. 2011. Nowe stanowisko iglicy małej Nehalennia speciosa (CHARPENTIER, 1840) (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) w Trójmiejskim Parku Krajobrazowym
The Pygmy Damselfly Nehalennia speciosa inhabits mainly small natural water bodies with the area less than 1 ha, great amount of mud sedge Carex limosa and slender sedge Carex lasiocarpa as well as submerged vegetation. In Poland, 75 sites of this species have been discovered so far of which 44 are regarded as contemporary.
In the Tricity Landscape Park, the Pygmy Damselfly was discovered for the first time in July 2006 at the site about 1,1 km NE away from Kamień in the commune of Szemud (KONOPKO 2007). The next site was discovered in July 2009, in a peat bog bordered from NE with Zawiat Lake situated in the vicinity of Bieszkowice, in the commune of Wejherowo.
The central point of the peat bog is a dystrophic water body with the Sphagnum moss matt separated from the lake by 90 meter-width belt of Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum sylvestris KLEIST 1929 bog woodland. The Pygmy Damselflies are present in Carex limosa swamp. The population is small; the highest number of individuals was 70. During earlier studies this species was not found in the peat bog. The colonization of this site was probably made before our eyes. Except for the Pygmy Damselfly, 32 dragonfly species were observed in the peat bog in which four of them are under protection: Aeshna subarctica, Leucorrhinia albifrons, L. caudalis and L. pectoralis.
In the future, in the area of the peat bog, the forming of the nature reserve called „Bieszkowickie Moczary” is planned, however, nowadays the steps for establishing the second refuge for the Pygmy Dam-selfy in the area of the Tricity Landscape Park are taken.
3. Literautra i recenzje
Strony:27-30
- Wendzonka J., Buczyński P. 2011. RECENZJA. BELLMANN H. 2010. Przewodnik entomologa. Ważki. MULTICO Oficyna Wydawnicza. 280 ss. ISBN 978-83-7073-706-1
The reviewed work is the first general book about dragonflies from over 100 years in Poland. It has been translated from the German edition. It contains general information about dragonflies of Central Europe with keys to adults (relatively good) and larvae (very poor) and individual descriptions of all species with good photographs and drawings. Unfortunately, the publisher has not consulted this edition with any Polish odonatologists and the book contains a lot of mistakes and omissions.
Strony:27-30
- Wendzonka J. 2011. RECENZJA. BOUDOT J.-P., KALKMAN V. J., AZPILICUETA AMORÍN M., BOGDANOVIĆ T., CORDERO RIVERA A., DEGABRIELE G., DOMMANGET J.-L., FERREIRA S., GARRIGÓS B., JOVIĆ M., KOTARAC M., LOPAU W., MARINOV M., MIHOKOVIĆ N., RISERVATO E., SAMRAOUI B., SCHNEIDER W. 2009. Atlas of the Odonata of the Mediterranean and North Africa. Libellula, Suppl. 9: 1-256
„Atlas of the Odonata of the Mediterranean and North Africa” is a distribution atlas of dragonflies in this region. It contains maps (based on 50x50 km UTM grid) for all of 179 recorded species. Additionally, almost all species presented in photographs are shortly described (biology, ecology, remarks on distribution, IUCN Red List Status). For Polish odonatolgists it is not a „must have” book, but it is necessary for every-one who wants to get the wider view about the distribution of „our” dragonfly species.
4. Różności
Strony:23
- Buczyńska E. 2011. Przygody ważki z Lublina: Balony.